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Critics have called it a stunt to invite sympathy. Yet Amuriat says campaigning without shoes is a protest and that those who do not get its symbolism are missing a point.

Uganda is due to hold a general election on January 14. Amuriat and another opposition candidate, Bobi Wine have had their rallies violently dispersed by security forces or been arrested.

In mid-November, scores of people were killed as security forces attempted to quell protests against the arrest and detention of Bobi Wine.

Police has accused the candidates of addressing huge gatherings in contravention of regulations on COVID-19 prevention.

Swollen feet

In an interview with one of the dailies in Uganda, Amuriat said his feet hurt a lot and has to pour cold water on them in between campaign stops for some relief.

Doctors have cautioned him on the potential danger of contracting tetanus from cuts to his feet.

Yet Amuriat remains adamant. He says by refusing to wear shoes, he’s standing in solidarity with people whose wealth and opportunities have been stolen by the country’s longtime ruler Yoweri Museveni.

JUST IN: FDC presidential candidate Patrick Amuriat has been arrested at the border of Rubirizi and Bushenyi districts. The reason for his arrest is yet to be known📹 @MukhayeD#MonitorUpdates#UGDecides2021 pic.twitter.com/xopK4FMoD0

— Daily Monitor (@DailyMonitor) December 4, 2020

Museveni, in power since 1986 is seeking a new term. In 2017, he changed the constitution to remove age limits that would have stopped him from seeking re-election.

FDC is Uganda’s largest opposition party. In 3 previous elections, the party fronted veteran activist and retired army colonel Kizza Besigye for president.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"On the morning of November 3, opposition presidential candidate Patrick Oboi Amuriat left his home to go to his party’s headquarters in the south of Kampala, Uganda’s capital. ¨ \n\nFrom there, he planned to join his supporters and party officials in a procession to a venue where the electoral commission was conducting nominations for presidential contenders. \n\nBut before he could, the police pounced and violently arrested him. They then whisked him off to the nomination venue in the east of Kampala. \n\nWhen he emerged from the police car, a visibly traumatized Amuriat was without his shoes. \n\n‘Rich in symbolism’ \n\n Since November 3, the candidate for the Forum for Democratic Change (FDC) has never been seen in public with shoes. At campaign events, he shows up barefooted. \n\nHi @Johnlaban256 atleast this time ask for retweets so that the police brings back POA's shoes.Please laban have mercy. pic.twitter.com/uPTtJNSyDk\r\n— MUZZUKULU WA KISOLO 🐺 (@DoniJohn3) November 3, 2020 \n\n\nCritics have called it a stunt to invite sympathy. Yet Amuriat says campaigning without shoes is a protest and that those who do not get its symbolism are missing a point. \n\nUganda is due to hold a general election on January 14. Amuriat and another opposition candidate, Bobi Wine have had their rallies violently dispersed by security forces or been arrested. \n\nIn mid-November, scores of people were killed as security forces attempted to quell protests against the arrest and detention of Bobi Wine. \n\nPolice has accused the candidates of addressing huge gatherings in contravention of regulations on COVID-19 prevention. \n\nSwollen feet \n\nIn an interview with one of the dailies in Uganda, Amuriat said his feet hurt a lot and has to pour cold water on them in between campaign stops for some relief. \n\nDoctors have cautioned him on the potential danger of contracting tetanus from cuts to his feet. \n\nYet Amuriat remains adamant. He says by refusing to wear shoes, he’s standing in solidarity with people whose wealth and opportunities have been stolen by the country’s longtime ruler Yoweri Museveni. \n\nJUST IN: FDC presidential candidate Patrick Amuriat has been arrested at the border of Rubirizi and Bushenyi districts. The reason for his arrest is yet to be known📹 @MukhayeD#MonitorUpdates#UGDecides2021 pic.twitter.com/xopK4FMoD0\r\n— Daily Monitor (@DailyMonitor) December 4, 2020 \n\n\nMuseveni, in power since 1986 is seeking a new term. In 2017, he changed the constitution to remove age limits that would have stopped him from seeking re-election. \n\nFDC is Uganda’s largest opposition party. In 3 previous elections, the party fronted veteran activist and retired army colonel Kizza Besigye for president.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/12/b304714e-0b28-4f1d-9a65-21d2b12258d7.jpg","ImageHeight":538,"ImageWidth":1024,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"42C8FAC1-E2C7-4A09-8CA5-16C843DEC99E","SourceName":"Africanews | Latest breaking news, daily news and African news from Africa","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.africanews.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2020-12-08T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Dec","FormattedDate":"December 08, 2020","Year":2020,"Month":12,"Day":8,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2020-12-08T16:41:44Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":213682,"FactUId":"4CCFC3D3-32B3-47D1-B266-036D6788BBC3","Slug":"ugandan-presidential-candidate-campaigns-without-shoes-africanews","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Ugandan presidential candidate campaigns without shoes | Africanews","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/ugandan-presidential-candidate-campaigns-without-shoes-africanews","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/ba8cd304-6b2c-4c96-b969-a837090ad7f7/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com","DisplayText":"

Residents of Bura in Tana River County have opposed plans to evacuate them to safety, saying the government had not shown them alternative land on which to settle.

Ms Hussein said the government was fond of playing with their lives by making tough announcements and warned that the people would not be fooled easily this time round.

The locals, who had earlier been settled through a government initiative that saw the Kenya Red Cross Society build houses for them, were forced to move by raging flood waters.

Meanwhile, Tana River Governor Dhadho Godhana has appealed to the national government to support his administration in coming up with a lasting solution to the floods menace.

Mr Godhana said the government's priorities were misplaced and did not focus on solving any problems but simply making statements on the residents' plight.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Residents of Bura in Tana River County have opposed plans to evacuate them to safety, saying the government had not shown them alternative land on which to settle.\r\n\r\nMs Hussein said the government was fond of playing with their lives by making tough announcements and warned that the people would not be fooled easily this time round.\r\n\r\nThe locals, who had earlier been settled through a government initiative that saw the Kenya Red Cross Society build houses for them, were forced to move by raging flood waters.\r\n\r\nMeanwhile, Tana River Governor Dhadho Godhana has appealed to the national government to support his administration in coming up with a lasting solution to the floods menace.\r\n\r\nMr Godhana said the government's priorities were misplaced and did not focus on solving any problems but simply making statements on the residents' plight.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/05/bc5e52e3-06d2-4c8c-969b-d8b0714e75ee1.png","ImageHeight":918,"ImageWidth":1500,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"BA8CD304-6B2C-4C96-B969-A837090AD7F7","SourceName":"allAfrica.com","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://allafrica.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2020-05-16T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"May","FormattedDate":"May 16, 2020","Year":2020,"Month":5,"Day":16,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"IsPublishDate\":true,\"Date\":\"2020-05-16T08:42:14Z\",\"Month\":null,\"Day\":null,\"Year\":null}","JsonExtData":{"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5},"date":{"ValueKind":3},"month":null,"day":null,"year":null},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":52839,"FactUId":"4C4DAFA3-4EE8-4878-87CF-AF22FCC48812","Slug":"kenya-tana-river-flood-victims-oppose-plans-to-transfer-them","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Kenya: Tana River Flood Victims Oppose Plans to Transfer Them","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/kenya-tana-river-flood-victims-oppose-plans-to-transfer-them","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/23520228-256b-4819-b9a7-9a49667eed3b/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standardmedia.co.ke","DisplayText":"

Mudavadi launched a charm offensive seeking the backing of residents and local leaders for his 2022 presidential bid.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Mudavadi launched a charm offensive seeking the backing of residents and local leaders for his 2022 presidential bid.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2021/07/5655fdff-922b-4d88-945d-016f7f9d6874.jpg","ImageHeight":500,"ImageWidth":800,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"23520228-256B-4819-B9A7-9A49667EED3B","SourceName":"https://www.standardmedia.co.ke","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.standardmedia.co.ke","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2021-07-03T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Jul","FormattedDate":"July 03, 2021","Year":2021,"Month":7,"Day":3,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2021-07-03T21:00:00Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":382964,"FactUId":"47A589B1-E980-4EBA-8A48-47B39E282327","Slug":"mudavadi-criticises-new-taxes-on-cooking-gas-promises-war-on-graft","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Mudavadi criticises new taxes on cooking gas, promises war on graft","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/mudavadi-criticises-new-taxes-on-cooking-gas-promises-war-on-graft","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/bf2f8323-0870-445a-8aa5-f4d721702bed/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.massblacklawyers.org%2F","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/ba8cd304-6b2c-4c96-b969-a837090ad7f7/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com","DisplayText":"

On Saturday August 15, 2015, the final of the Fuba-Junior NBA League was held at the Lugogo Indoor Arena with Abraham Meron scoring a game high 39 points and 16 rebounds as KISU Bucks defeated Mashariki Pelicans 66-51 to emerge inaugural champions.

For many of the moderate crowd in attendance that included two-time NBA All-Star Luol Deng, the first season was all about the 5ft diminutive frame of point guard Fayed Baale.

\"So when I went on playing I picked up the interest in the game mainly after the Junior NBA league,\" Baale told Daily Monitor.

\"Kids don't usually play with that kind of confidence in their first season in the top flight,\" added Enabu who sees a few similarities between the two and came up against Baale in the NBL playoff finals that concluded at the start of this year.

Baale averaged 11 points in the Best of Seven playoff final series picking the Player of the Game award as UCU forced a decisive Game Seven before the Oilers clinched the title after restricting him to six points.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"On Saturday August 15, 2015, the final of the Fuba-Junior NBA League was held at the Lugogo Indoor Arena with Abraham Meron scoring a game high 39 points and 16 rebounds as KISU Bucks defeated Mashariki Pelicans 66-51 to emerge inaugural champions.\r\n\r\nFor many of the moderate crowd in attendance that included two-time NBA All-Star Luol Deng, the first season was all about the 5ft diminutive frame of point guard Fayed Baale.\r\n\r\n\"So when I went on playing I picked up the interest in the game mainly after the Junior NBA league,\" Baale told Daily Monitor.\r\n\r\n\"Kids don't usually play with that kind of confidence in their first season in the top flight,\" added Enabu who sees a few similarities between the two and came up against Baale in the NBL playoff finals that concluded at the start of this year.\r\n\r\nBaale averaged 11 points in the Best of Seven playoff final series picking the Player of the Game award as UCU forced a decisive Game Seven before the Oilers clinched the title after restricting him to six points.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":null,"ImageHeight":null,"ImageWidth":null,"ImageOrientation":"none","HasImage":false,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"BA8CD304-6B2C-4C96-B969-A837090AD7F7","SourceName":"allAfrica.com","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://allafrica.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":"BF2F8323-0870-445A-8AA5-F4D721702BED","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"Massachusetts Black Lawyers Association (MBLA)","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/mbla-logo.png","SponsorUrl":"https://www.massblacklawyers.org/","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":"2020-06-03T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Jun","FormattedDate":"June 03, 2020","Year":2020,"Month":6,"Day":3,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"IsPublishDate\":true,\"Date\":\"2020-06-03T12:29:49Z\",\"Month\":null,\"Day\":null,\"Year\":null}","JsonExtData":{"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5},"date":{"ValueKind":3},"month":null,"day":null,"year":null},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":61199,"FactUId":"1FAC2982-D27C-43FB-BD63-35ED56CA2BA4","Slug":"uganda-baale-takes-league-through-ballet-dance","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Uganda: Baale Takes League Through Ballet Dance","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/uganda-baale-takes-league-through-ballet-dance","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/df237db1-b799-454c-8241-5df328fbed72/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oprahmag.com","DisplayText":"

When Aisha Cort walks into a convenience store with her rich brown skin and tiny dark locs, she knows she has the power to cause confusion by speaking Spanish.

The term Afro-Latina—or Afro-Latinx, a more recent adaptation of the phrase Latino for anyone who chooses to remove gender binaries from their identity—is used to describe descendants of Latin America with African roots.

But for many, the unifying experience comes from their visible Blackness.

They're getting more comfortable wearing their hair how it looks naturally.”

Like how could you even question my identity?

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"When Aisha Cort walks into a convenience store with her rich brown skin and tiny dark locs, she knows she has the power to cause confusion by speaking Spanish.\nThe term Afro-Latina—or Afro-Latinx, a more recent adaptation of the phrase Latino for anyone who chooses to remove gender binaries from their identity—is used to describe descendants of Latin America with African roots.\nBut for many, the unifying experience comes from their visible Blackness.\nThey're getting more comfortable wearing their hair how it looks naturally.”\nLike how could you even question my identity?","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/blackfacts/facts/2019/01/8ebc288b-f25f-4567-90af-ee0ab7543b2e1.png","ImageHeight":503,"ImageWidth":1000,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"DF237DB1-B799-454C-8241-5DF328FBED72","SourceName":"Oprah Magazine - Life and Career Advice, Beauty Tips, Wellness Trends","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.oprahmag.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{}","JsonExtData":{},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":19360,"FactUId":"9A0F2C04-3000-4EDE-A5AC-8B03B6E2703D","Slug":"more-latinas-are-choosing-to-identify-as-afro-latina-0","FactType":"Article","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"More Latinas Are Choosing to Identify as Afro-Latina","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/more-latinas-are-choosing-to-identify-as-afro-latina-0","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/5f236b35-37aa-4a3e-982c-cce80e380610/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imsa.edu","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/da28bdce-2cb5-48fe-b17a-549a988e61ff/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fblackhistory.com","DisplayText":"

African-American history is the part of American history that looks at the African-American or Black American ethnic groups in the United States. Most African Americans are the descendants of Africans forcibly brought to and held captive in the United States from 1555 to 1865. Blacks from the Caribbean whose ancestors immigrated, or who immigrated to the U.S., have also traditionally been considered African-American, as they share a common history of predominantly West African or Central African roots, the Middle Passage and slavery.

African Americans have been known by various names throughout American history, including colored and Negro, which are no longer accepted in English. Instead the most usual and accepted terms nowadays are African American and Black, which however may have different connotations (see African American#Terminology). The term person of color usually refers not only to African Americans, but also to other non-white ethnic groups. Others who sometimes are referred to as African Americans, and who may identify themselves as such in US government censuses, include relatively recent Black immigrants from Africa, South America and elsewhere.

African-American history is celebrated and highlighted annually in the United States during February, designated as Black History Month. Although previously marginalized, African-American history has gained ground in school and university curricula and gained wider scholarly attention since the late 20th century.

Most African Americans are descended from Africans brought directly from Africa as slaves. Originally these slaves were captured in African wars or raids and transported in the Atlantic slave trade.[1] African Americans are descended from various ethnic groups, mostly from western and central Africa, including the Sahel. A smaller number came from eastern and southeastern Africa. The major ethnic groups that the enslaved Africans belonged to included the Hausa, Bakongo, Igbo, Mandé, Wolof, Akan, Fon, Yoruba, and Makua, among many others.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"African-American history is the part of American history that looks at the African-American or Black American ethnic groups in the United States. Most African Americans are the descendants of Africans forcibly brought to and held captive in the United States from 1555 to 1865. Blacks from the Caribbean whose ancestors immigrated, or who immigrated to the U.S., have also traditionally been considered African-American, as they share a common history of predominantly West African or Central African roots, the Middle Passage and slavery.\nAfrican Americans have been known by various names throughout American history, including colored and Negro, which are no longer accepted in English. Instead the most usual and accepted terms nowadays are African American and Black, which however may have different connotations (see African American#Terminology). The term person of color usually refers not only to African Americans, but also to other non-white ethnic groups. Others who sometimes are referred to as African Americans, and who may identify themselves as such in US government censuses, include relatively recent Black immigrants from Africa, South America and elsewhere.\nAfrican-American history is celebrated and highlighted annually in the United States during February, designated as Black History Month. Although previously marginalized, African-American history has gained ground in school and university curricula and gained wider scholarly attention since the late 20th century.\nMost African Americans are descended from Africans brought directly from Africa as slaves. Originally these slaves were captured in African wars or raids and transported in the Atlantic slave trade.[1] African Americans are descended from various ethnic groups, mostly from western and central Africa, including the Sahel. A smaller number came from eastern and southeastern Africa. The major ethnic groups that the enslaved Africans belonged to included the Hausa, Bakongo, Igbo, Mandé, Wolof, Akan, Fon, Yoruba, and Makua, among many others.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/journal-of-negro-history1922.jpg","ImageHeight":467,"ImageWidth":124,"ImageOrientation":"portrait","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"DA28BDCE-2CB5-48FE-B17A-549A988E61FF","SourceName":"BlackHistory.com","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://blackhistory.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":"5F236B35-37AA-4A3E-982C-CCE80E380610","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"Illinois Math and Science Academy","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/imsa-logo.png","SponsorUrl":"https://www.imsa.edu","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":"1863-01-01T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Jan","FormattedDate":"January 01, 1863","Year":1863,"Month":1,"Day":1,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":" {\"Date\":\"1863-01-01\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":9621,"FactUId":"F059FA8B-BD65-4D0A-A53E-79B68049DAD3","Slug":"african-american-history-2","FactType":"Event","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"African-American history","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/african-american-history-2","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/e23a4233-cbd7-49f5-962a-6e48479eba88/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fstthomassource.com","DisplayText":"

A non-profit group organized to teach entrepreneurship to youths in the U.S., hosted a weekend conference for young people in the U.S. Virgin Islands that kicked off Thursday at the Palms at Pelican Cove.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"A non-profit group organized to teach entrepreneurship to youths in the U.S., hosted a weekend conference for young people in the U.S. Virgin Islands that kicked off Thursday at the Palms at Pelican Cove.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2021/11/c7b646bb9fbc6b6cf92905f18258c40c32b93dcfa152cf1af0586ab29ebad2a9.jpg","ImageHeight":500,"ImageWidth":1000,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"E23A4233-CBD7-49F5-962A-6E48479EBA88","SourceName":"St. Thomas Source | The trusted independent voice of the Virgin Islands community","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://stthomassource.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2021-11-08T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Nov","FormattedDate":"November 08, 2021","Year":2021,"Month":11,"Day":8,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2021-11-08T04:30:02Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":519870,"FactUId":"3BDF43AD-CF07-4966-80ED-7F288FD3DA99","Slug":"non-profit-hosts-weekend-entrepreneurship-conference-for-v-i-youth-1","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Non-Profit Hosts Weekend Entrepreneurship Conference for V.I. Youth","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/non-profit-hosts-weekend-entrepreneurship-conference-for-v-i-youth-1","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/13790190-e894-478f-8414-793c9981f511/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fnbmbaa.org%2Fnbmbaa-boston-chapter%2F","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/7b933ae8-03cd-4cb2-9499-82145e19cfcf/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsday.co.zw","DisplayText":"

ZANU PF legislator Tatenda Mavetera (pictured) (proportional representation) has called for a 50% youth quota representation in Parliament, saying Zimbabweans must be embarrassed that its youthful population is still marginalised. By NQOBANI NDLOVU Mavetera said this last week while moving a motion calling on the country to craft enabling legislation to guarantee that youths also get seats in Parliament. The current Constitution only provides for 60 proportional representation seats for women, as well as two Senate seats for people with disabilities (PWDs). There are also proposed amendments through the Constitutional Amendment No 2 Bill, which is currently before Parliament to include a 10% youth quota in the legislative body. “What we are saying as youths is that now we are talking of affirmative action or the youth quota, where we would really like to have at least 25% seats going to the young people, but 25% is the minimum, because we are saying that we would want even more or even 50% on the basis that the youth constitute 70% of the population,” Mavetera said. “We are now marginalised on the demographic dividend, which we are saying we (youth) have got the large numbers and for that alone we are just hoping and it is a fervent call, not that we are demanding the seats,” she said. The young Zanu PF MP said there is a need to enact a national youth policy so that the proposals for 50% youth representation and empowerment of young people are enforceable. A number of parliamentarians supported her motion with Gweru Urban MP Brian Dube (MDC Alliance) adding that Zimbabwe must be embarrassed that to date there is no quota for youth representation in Parliament. “What we are talking about is that we must come up with a law. It must not come as a voluntary gesture or generosity when we are dealing with issues of the youths. “Is there any reasonable justification in a democratic society why we do not have a law that regulates the rights and interests of 70% of the population? My answer is that there is no reasonable justification at all,” he said. In August, the Community Youth Development Trust (CYDT) petitioned Parliament protesting over lack of youth representation from the district up to the national level. The CYDT demanded a 30% youth quota.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"ZANU PF legislator Tatenda Mavetera (pictured) (proportional representation) has called for a 50% youth quota representation in Parliament, saying Zimbabweans must be embarrassed that its youthful population is still marginalised. By NQOBANI NDLOVU Mavetera said this last week while moving a motion calling on the country to craft enabling legislation to guarantee that youths also get seats in Parliament. The current Constitution only provides for 60 proportional representation seats for women, as well as two Senate seats for people with disabilities (PWDs). There are also proposed amendments through the Constitutional Amendment No 2 Bill, which is currently before Parliament to include a 10% youth quota in the legislative body. “What we are saying as youths is that now we are talking of affirmative action or the youth quota, where we would really like to have at least 25% seats going to the young people, but 25% is the minimum, because we are saying that we would want even more or even 50% on the basis that the youth constitute 70% of the population,” Mavetera said. “We are now marginalised on the demographic dividend, which we are saying we (youth) have got the large numbers and for that alone we are just hoping and it is a fervent call, not that we are demanding the seats,” she said. The young Zanu PF MP said there is a need to enact a national youth policy so that the proposals for 50% youth representation and empowerment of young people are enforceable. A number of parliamentarians supported her motion with Gweru Urban MP Brian Dube (MDC Alliance) adding that Zimbabwe must be embarrassed that to date there is no quota for youth representation in Parliament. “What we are talking about is that we must come up with a law. It must not come as a voluntary gesture or generosity when we are dealing with issues of the youths. “Is there any reasonable justification in a democratic society why we do not have a law that regulates the rights and interests of 70% of the population? My answer is that there is no reasonable justification at all,” he said. In August, the Community Youth Development Trust (CYDT) petitioned Parliament protesting over lack of youth representation from the district up to the national level. The CYDT demanded a 30% youth quota.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/10/88206f58-882d-425b-aa61-adac2c6added.jpg","ImageHeight":400,"ImageWidth":600,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"7B933AE8-03CD-4CB2-9499-82145E19CFCF","SourceName":"NewsDay Zimbabwe - Everyday News for Everyday People","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.newsday.co.zw","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":"13790190-E894-478F-8414-793C9981F511","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"National Black MBA Association (NBMBAA) Boston Professional Chapter","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/nmmba-logo.jpg","SponsorUrl":"https://nbmbaa.org/nbmbaa-boston-chapter/","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":"2020-10-17T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Oct","FormattedDate":"October 17, 2020","Year":2020,"Month":10,"Day":17,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2020-10-17T03:00:11Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":164920,"FactUId":"8C32FCB5-A014-4100-AB34-0420A2129632","Slug":"mp-pushes-for-50-youth-quota-in-parly","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"MP pushes for 50% youth quota in Parly","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/mp-pushes-for-50-youth-quota-in-parly","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/d65e39f2-46cf-4df4-8a97-e0229a9d152f/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stabroeknews.com","DisplayText":"

The Ministry of Human Services and Social Security on Thursday launched its ‘Young Influencers’ programme to prepare youths to make a difference within their communities and among their peers.

The article ‘Young influencers’ programme launched appeared first on Stabroek News.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":" The Ministry of Human Services and Social Security on Thursday launched its ‘Young Influencers’ programme to prepare youths to make a difference within their communities and among their peers.\r\n\nThe article ‘Young influencers’ programme launched appeared first on Stabroek News.\r\n","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":null,"ImageHeight":null,"ImageWidth":null,"ImageOrientation":"none","HasImage":false,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"D65E39F2-46CF-4DF4-8A97-E0229A9D152F","SourceName":"Stabroek News - Guyana's Most Trusted Newspaper","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.stabroeknews.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2021-01-17T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Jan","FormattedDate":"January 17, 2021","Year":2021,"Month":1,"Day":17,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2021-01-17T06:10:57Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":247907,"FactUId":"B631118C-48A1-43A7-96CD-4DE8ECB846CF","Slug":"young-influencers-programme-launched--stabroek-news","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"‘Young influencers’ programme launched - Stabroek News","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/young-influencers-programme-launched--stabroek-news","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/80689a34-9b7c-4d3a-91f8-56cabb44f365/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fsearch%3Fquery%3Dblack%2520history","DisplayText":"

Meja Mwangi , (born December 1948, Nyeri, Kenya), African novelist who wrote prolifically on the social conditions and history of Kenya.

Mwangi was stimulated to try his hand at writing after reading Weep Not, Child by Ngugi wa Thiong’o, Kenya’s first novelist. Like his mentor, Mwangi concentrated initially on the Mau Mau rebellion, telling stories of forest guerrillas who struggled, often unsuccessfully, against formidable adversaries. Both Taste of Death (his earliest narrative, not published until 1975) and Carcase for Hounds (1974) capture the spirit of the resistance movement in the Kikuyu highlands of colonial Kenya. Mwangi’s aim was to preserve a record of the recent past in these quasi-historical novels.

Mwangi also manifested a lively interest in Kenya’s contemporary social problems. In Kill Me Quick (1973) he focuses on the plight of young men who, though educated, are unable to find honest employment. In Going down River Road (1976) he deals with the rough-and-tumble life of construction workers in Nairobi, and in The Cockroach Dance (1979) he recounts the picaresque adventures of a meter reader coping with life in the squalor and violence of a slum. Among Mwangi’s later works are the thriller Bread of Sorrow (1987), Weapon of Hunger (1989), The Return of Shaka (1989), Striving for the Wind (1990), The Last Plague (2000), and The Big Chiefs (2008). In these vivid naturalistic narratives Mwangi never loses his sense of humour; he offers the reader a mixture of protest and hilarity.

Mwangi also wrote stories for children, including The Hunter’s Dream (1993), The Mzunga Boy (2005), and The Boy Gift (2006). In addition, he was involved with filmmaking in the 1980s. Mwangi wrote the screenplay for Cry Freedom (1981) and later served as an assistant director on Out of Africa (1985) and White Mischief (1987).

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Meja Mwangi , (born December 1948, Nyeri, Kenya), African novelist who wrote prolifically on the social conditions and history of Kenya.\nMwangi was stimulated to try his hand at writing after reading Weep Not, Child by Ngugi wa Thiong’o, Kenya’s first novelist. Like his mentor, Mwangi concentrated initially on the Mau Mau rebellion, telling stories of forest guerrillas who struggled, often unsuccessfully, against formidable adversaries. Both Taste of Death (his earliest narrative, not published until 1975) and Carcase for Hounds (1974) capture the spirit of the resistance movement in the Kikuyu highlands of colonial Kenya. Mwangi’s aim was to preserve a record of the recent past in these quasi-historical novels.\nMwangi also manifested a lively interest in Kenya’s contemporary social problems. In Kill Me Quick (1973) he focuses on the plight of young men who, though educated, are unable to find honest employment. In Going down River Road (1976) he deals with the rough-and-tumble life of construction workers in Nairobi, and in The Cockroach Dance (1979) he recounts the picaresque adventures of a meter reader coping with life in the squalor and violence of a slum. Among Mwangi’s later works are the thriller Bread of Sorrow (1987), Weapon of Hunger (1989), The Return of Shaka (1989), Striving for the Wind (1990), The Last Plague (2000), and The Big Chiefs (2008). In these vivid naturalistic narratives Mwangi never loses his sense of humour; he offers the reader a mixture of protest and hilarity.\nMwangi also wrote stories for children, including The Hunter’s Dream (1993), The Mzunga Boy (2005), and The Boy Gift (2006). In addition, he was involved with filmmaking in the 1980s. Mwangi wrote the screenplay for Cry Freedom (1981) and later served as an assistant director on Out of Africa (1985) and White Mischief (1987).","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/media1.britannica.com/eb-media/35/135235-004-32613337.jpg","ImageHeight":450,"ImageWidth":300,"ImageOrientation":"portrait","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"80689A34-9B7C-4D3A-91F8-56CABB44F365","SourceName":"Brittanica","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/search?query=black%20history","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{}","JsonExtData":{},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":9689,"FactUId":"55057AA7-02A1-4B1C-A911-2E1D6ABEAE9D","Slug":"meja-mwangi","FactType":"Article","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Meja Mwangi","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/meja-mwangi","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/da28bdce-2cb5-48fe-b17a-549a988e61ff/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fblackhistory.com","DisplayText":"

African immigration to the United States refers to immigrants to the United States who are or were nationals of modern African countries. The term African in the scope of this article refers to geographical or national origins rather than racial affiliation. Between the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 and 2007, an estimated total of 0.8 to 0.9 million Africans immigrated to the United States, accounting for roughly 3.3% of all total U.S. immigrants during this period.[2]

African immigrants in the United States come from almost all regions in Africa and do not constitute a homogeneous group. They include peoples from different national, linguistic, ethnic, racial, cultural and social backgrounds.[3] As such, African immigrants are distinct from African Americans, many of whose ancestors were involuntarily brought from West Africa to the United States by means of the historic Atlantic slave trade.

In the 1870s, the Naturalization Act was extended to allow aliens, being free white persons and to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent to acquire citizenship. Immigration from Africa was theoretically permitted, unlike non-white immigration from Asia.

Several laws enforcing national origins quotas on American immigration were enacted between 1921 and 1924 and were in effect until they were repealed in 1965. While the laws were aimed at restricting the immigration of Jews and Catholics from Central and Eastern Europe and immigration from Asia, they also impacted African immigrants. The legislation effectively excluded Africans from entering the country.

The Emergency Quota Act of 1921 restricted immigration from a given country to 3% of the number of people from that country living in the US according to the census of 1910. The Immigration Act of 1924, also known as the Johnson-Reed Act, reduced that to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the US in 1890. Under the system, the quota for immigrants from Africa (excluding Egypt) totaled 1,100. (The

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"African immigration to the United States refers to immigrants to the United States who are or were nationals of modern African countries. The term African in the scope of this article refers to geographical or national origins rather than racial affiliation. Between the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 and 2007, an estimated total of 0.8 to 0.9 million Africans immigrated to the United States, accounting for roughly 3.3% of all total U.S. immigrants during this period.[2] \nAfrican immigrants in the United States come from almost all regions in Africa and do not constitute a homogeneous group. They include peoples from different national, linguistic, ethnic, racial, cultural and social backgrounds.[3] As such, African immigrants are distinct from African Americans, many of whose ancestors were involuntarily brought from West Africa to the United States by means of the historic Atlantic slave trade.\nIn the 1870s, the Naturalization Act was extended to allow aliens, being free white persons and to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent to acquire citizenship. Immigration from Africa was theoretically permitted, unlike non-white immigration from Asia.\nSeveral laws enforcing national origins quotas on American immigration were enacted between 1921 and 1924 and were in effect until they were repealed in 1965. While the laws were aimed at restricting the immigration of Jews and Catholics from Central and Eastern Europe and immigration from Asia, they also impacted African immigrants. The legislation effectively excluded Africans from entering the country.\nThe Emergency Quota Act of 1921 restricted immigration from a given country to 3% of the number of people from that country living in the US according to the census of 1910. The Immigration Act of 1924, also known as the Johnson-Reed Act, reduced that to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the US in 1890. Under the system, the quota for immigrants from Africa (excluding Egypt) totaled 1,100. (The","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":null,"ImageHeight":0,"ImageWidth":0,"ImageOrientation":"none","HasImage":false,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"DA28BDCE-2CB5-48FE-B17A-549A988E61FF","SourceName":"BlackHistory.com","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://blackhistory.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":null,"HasEffectiveDate":false,"MonthAbbrevName":null,"FormattedDate":null,"Year":null,"Month":null,"Day":null,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":"ExtractionBotHub","IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{}","JsonExtData":{},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":9301,"FactUId":"D8AECDD0-1576-4FC3-9AE6-7D44481F1DC9","Slug":"african-immigration-to-the-united-states","FactType":"Article","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"African immigration to the United States","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/african-immigration-to-the-united-states","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/d9e17e24-cd53-4d57-be36-9d2660786c68/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/http%3A%2F%2Fshpeboston.org%2F","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/ba8cd304-6b2c-4c96-b969-a837090ad7f7/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com","DisplayText":"

There are of course huge differences between US states and African countries, but consider for a moment that the US has one international border.

Though the US may be rich, it lacks many of the social protections found in the developed world

In Africa, if Zimbabwe and Mozambique experience severe outbreaks, it will almost certainly spill over into neighbouring countries like South Africa and Tanzania, and vice versa.

Africa needs regionally coordinated strategies that are responsive to the needs of individual states

Africa has many vulnerable populations - poverty, hunger and conflict put millions of Africans at risk - and a huge informal sector that won't be easy to protect from the negative economic impacts of lockdowns.

COVID-19 is a fake news bonanza in the US; Africa must be ready for attempts to exploit the uncertainty

The pandemic is also stimulating structural drivers of instability that increase the potential for violence, crime and political unrest.

COVID-19 is a fake news bonanza in the US, and Africa needs to be ready for attempts to benefit from the uncertainty by pushing false narratives.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"There are of course huge differences between US states and African countries, but consider for a moment that the US has one international border.\r\n\r\nThough the US may be rich, it lacks many of the social protections found in the developed world\n\nIn Africa, if Zimbabwe and Mozambique experience severe outbreaks, it will almost certainly spill over into neighbouring countries like South Africa and Tanzania, and vice versa.\r\n\r\nAfrica needs regionally coordinated strategies that are responsive to the needs of individual states\n\nAfrica has many vulnerable populations - poverty, hunger and conflict put millions of Africans at risk - and a huge informal sector that won't be easy to protect from the negative economic impacts of lockdowns.\r\n\r\nCOVID-19 is a fake news bonanza in the US; Africa must be ready for attempts to exploit the uncertainty\n\nThe pandemic is also stimulating structural drivers of instability that increase the potential for violence, crime and political unrest.\r\n\r\nCOVID-19 is a fake news bonanza in the US, and Africa needs to be ready for attempts to benefit from the uncertainty by pushing false narratives.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/05/43896bb0-2cc5-4830-8fdb-be82e6dabd1b1.png","ImageHeight":918,"ImageWidth":1500,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"BA8CD304-6B2C-4C96-B969-A837090AD7F7","SourceName":"allAfrica.com","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://allafrica.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":"D9E17E24-CD53-4D57-BE36-9D2660786C68","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers (SHPE) Boston Professional Chapter","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/shpe-logo.jpg","SponsorUrl":"http://shpeboston.org/","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":"2020-05-15T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"May","FormattedDate":"May 15, 2020","Year":2020,"Month":5,"Day":15,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"IsPublishDate\":true,\"Date\":\"2020-05-15T05:54:19Z\",\"Month\":null,\"Day\":null,\"Year\":null}","JsonExtData":{"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5},"date":{"ValueKind":3},"month":null,"day":null,"year":null},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":52800,"FactUId":"E609DFA2-DAE3-44A1-AB6E-5616344A87BB","Slug":"africa-covid-19-strategies-africa-can-learn-from","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Africa: COVID-19 Strategies Africa Can Learn From","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/africa-covid-19-strategies-africa-can-learn-from","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/06dc953b-5d0f-47e0-a5ae-9e69f8b070aa/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/http%3A%2F%2Fintellitech.net","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/f37ce5c3-b4b9-4e92-8cc0-20e30ff60e7d/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fjamaica-gleaner.com","DisplayText":"

Melbourne Absalom, a violence interrupter (VI) working with the Peace Management Initiative in Rose Town in Kingston, is calling on the “society at large” to play a greater role in curbing crime and violence in such inner-city communities. Absalom...

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Melbourne Absalom, a violence interrupter (VI) working with the Peace Management Initiative in Rose Town in Kingston, is calling on the “society at large” to play a greater role in curbing crime and violence in such inner-city communities. Absalom...","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2021/01/a7a01d6d-b259-4d15-82f8-6a21634964e7.jpg","ImageHeight":345,"ImageWidth":460,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"F37CE5C3-B4B9-4E92-8CC0-20E30FF60E7D","SourceName":"Jamaica Gleaner","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://jamaica-gleaner.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":"06DC953B-5D0F-47E0-A5AE-9E69F8B070AA","IsSponsored":true,"SponsorName":"Intellitech","SmallSponsorLogoUrl":"24x24/ice-mobile-350x350-53.png","SponsorUrl":"http://intellitech.net","HasSmallSponsorLogo":true,"EffectiveDate":"2021-01-02T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Jan","FormattedDate":"January 02, 2021","Year":2021,"Month":1,"Day":2,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2021-01-02T05:11:01Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":225010,"FactUId":"F92FEA2D-C624-4C73-83AC-FD3315EF032F","Slug":"it-pains-my-heart--rose-town-man-laments-senseless-loss-of-lives-wants-to-revive-initiative-to-rescue-youth","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"‘It pains my heart’ - Rose Town man laments senseless loss of lives, wants to revive initiative to rescue youth","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/it-pains-my-heart--rose-town-man-laments-senseless-loss-of-lives-wants-to-revive-initiative-to-rescue-youth","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/ba8cd304-6b2c-4c96-b969-a837090ad7f7/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com","DisplayText":"

Addis Ababa — Statement co-signed by the ministers of finance and / or ministers of development of the following countries: Angola, Cameroun, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Namibia, Niger, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone and Tunisia.

The bilateral debt standstill is a first step, more will be needed

African finance ministers called for $100 billion fiscal stimuli, the IMF has already extended debt relief to the 17 low income countries on the continent, and through other mechanisms has disbursed over $US17 billion in emergency funding to countries to address the Covid-19 pandemic.

A solution to finance Africa's commercial debt service could free up over $44 billion of fiscal space for Africa in 2020, providing immediate liquidity to governments – a much needed immediate bridge to renewed growth for Africa and the global economy.

Mr. Manuel Neto Costa, Minister of Economy and Planning

Cameroun

H.E. Mr Louis Paul Motaze, Minister of Finance

H.E. Mr Alamine Ousmane Mey, Minister of Economy, Planning and Regional Integration

Djibouti

H.E. Mr Ilyas Dawaleh, Minister of Economy, Finance Industry

Egypt

H.E.

Mr. Mambury Njie, Minister for Finance and Economic Affairs

Ghana

H.E. Mr Ken Ofori-Atta, Minister of Finance

H.E. Mr Gyan Baffour, Minister of Planning

Kenya

H.E. Amb.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Addis Ababa — Statement co-signed by the ministers of finance and / or ministers of development of the following countries: Angola, Cameroun, Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Namibia, Niger, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone and Tunisia.\r\n\r\nThe bilateral debt standstill is a first step, more will be needed\n\nAfrican finance ministers called for $100 billion fiscal stimuli, the IMF has already extended debt relief to the 17 low income countries on the continent, and through other mechanisms has disbursed over $US17 billion in emergency funding to countries to address the Covid-19 pandemic.\r\n\r\nA solution to finance Africa's commercial debt service could free up over $44 billion of fiscal space for Africa in 2020, providing immediate liquidity to governments – a much needed immediate bridge to renewed growth for Africa and the global economy.\r\n\r\nMr. Manuel Neto Costa, Minister of Economy and Planning\n\nCameroun\nH.E. Mr Louis Paul Motaze, Minister of Finance\nH.E. Mr Alamine Ousmane Mey, Minister of Economy, Planning and Regional Integration\n\nDjibouti\nH.E. Mr Ilyas Dawaleh, Minister of Economy, Finance Industry\n\nEgypt\nH.E.\r\n\r\nMr. Mambury Njie, Minister for Finance and Economic Affairs\n\nGhana\nH.E. Mr Ken Ofori-Atta, Minister of Finance\nH.E. Mr Gyan Baffour, Minister of Planning\n\nKenya\nH.E. Amb.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/05/2a93faf5-f56f-482f-bf68-bd7b159b5cff1.png","ImageHeight":919,"ImageWidth":1500,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"BA8CD304-6B2C-4C96-B969-A837090AD7F7","SourceName":"allAfrica.com","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://allafrica.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2020-05-10T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"May","FormattedDate":"May 10, 2020","Year":2020,"Month":5,"Day":10,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2020-05-10T16:36:00Z\",\"isPublishDate\":true}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3},"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":32259,"FactUId":"C92EC93E-22F8-4FC8-AF2E-6C7BC673682C","Slug":"africa-meeting-africas-liquidity-needs-while-protecting-market-access--appeal-from-finance-development-ministers","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Africa: Meeting Africa's Liquidity Needs While Protecting Market Access - Appeal from Finance & Development Ministers","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/africa-meeting-africas-liquidity-needs-while-protecting-market-access--appeal-from-finance-development-ministers","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/f37ce5c3-b4b9-4e92-8cc0-20e30ff60e7d/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fjamaica-gleaner.com","DisplayText":"

Newcomer to the political landscape Damion Young will be challenging incumbent Mikael Phillips for the Manchester North West seat, and he is brimming with confidence about pulling off a win. Young, who sees himself as a ‘candle of hope’ for the...

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"Newcomer to the political landscape Damion Young will be challenging incumbent Mikael Phillips for the Manchester North West seat, and he is brimming with confidence about pulling off a win. Young, who sees himself as a ‘candle of hope’ for the...","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2020/08/bef12210-e991-4166-9d0d-14989264e766.jpg","ImageHeight":188,"ImageWidth":250,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"F37CE5C3-B4B9-4E92-8CC0-20E30FF60E7D","SourceName":"Jamaica Gleaner","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://jamaica-gleaner.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2020-08-15T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Aug","FormattedDate":"August 15, 2020","Year":2020,"Month":8,"Day":15,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2020-08-15T05:33:42Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":117204,"FactUId":"A4F01791-009E-4C66-8DEE-B68BD8447368","Slug":"damion-young-candle-of-hope-for-manchester-north-west","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Damion Young: Candle of hope for Manchester North West","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/damion-young-candle-of-hope-for-manchester-north-west","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/ba8cd304-6b2c-4c96-b969-a837090ad7f7/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com","DisplayText":"

A: With the rise of doping cases in the country especially in athletics, there was pressure from the World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) and World Athletics (WA) for Kenya to take urgent action.

Before Adak was registered, the Regional Anti-Doping Agency (Rado) had handled five cases while the French Anti-Doping Agency has handled four cases that are of Kenyan athletes who were training or competing in France.

We have been able to capture or receive anti-doping intelligence from all available sources, including athletes and their support personnel and members of the public, sample collection personnel, laboratories, national sports federations, law enforcement, other regulatory and disciplinary bodies.

More specifically, besides the World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) and AIU, we have strong ties with Turkish Anti-Doping Agency and Anti-Doping Norway, and that tells you why our tests are now going scientific with the focus now turning to Athletes Blood Passport analysis.

Q: Why are doping cases still on the rise despite Adak, Wada and AIU efforts to stem the vice?

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"A: With the rise of doping cases in the country especially in athletics, there was pressure from the World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) and World Athletics (WA) for Kenya to take urgent action.\r\n\r\nBefore Adak was registered, the Regional Anti-Doping Agency (Rado) had handled five cases while the French Anti-Doping Agency has handled four cases that are of Kenyan athletes who were training or competing in France.\r\n\r\nWe have been able to capture or receive anti-doping intelligence from all available sources, including athletes and their support personnel and members of the public, sample collection personnel, laboratories, national sports federations, law enforcement, other regulatory and disciplinary bodies.\r\n\r\nMore specifically, besides the World Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) and AIU, we have strong ties with Turkish Anti-Doping Agency and Anti-Doping Norway, and that tells you why our tests are now going scientific with the focus now turning to Athletes Blood Passport analysis.\r\n\r\nQ: Why are doping cases still on the rise despite Adak, Wada and AIU efforts to stem the vice?","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":null,"ImageHeight":null,"ImageWidth":null,"ImageOrientation":"none","HasImage":false,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"BA8CD304-6B2C-4C96-B969-A837090AD7F7","SourceName":"allAfrica.com","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://allafrica.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2020-05-15T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"May","FormattedDate":"May 15, 2020","Year":2020,"Month":5,"Day":15,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"IsPublishDate\":true,\"Date\":\"2020-05-15T12:46:24Z\",\"Month\":null,\"Day\":null,\"Year\":null}","JsonExtData":{"isPublishDate":{"ValueKind":5},"date":{"ValueKind":3},"month":null,"day":null,"year":null},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":52867,"FactUId":"759D4A75-CCC7-4DAF-81AA-A9B6C8EF8398","Slug":"kenya-adak-boss-rugut-confident-kenya-is-winning-fight-against-banned-drugs","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Kenya: Adak Boss Rugut Confident Kenya Is Winning Fight Against Banned Drugs","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/kenya-adak-boss-rugut-confident-kenya-is-winning-fight-against-banned-drugs","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":false,"SponsorRedirectUrl":null,"SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/76148950-8b3b-4df2-93b1-4463eff65e8a/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesouthafrican.com","DisplayText":"

The Bulls have landed the services of Springbok Ruan Combrinck who will arrive at Loftus Versfeld on July 1.

","ShowFullContent":false,"FactText":null,"FactUrl":null,"RelatedIds":null,"OGImageUrl":null,"OGImageWidth":null,"OGImageHeight":null,"FavIconUrl":null,"FavIconWidth":null,"FavIconHeight":null,"IsLocal":false,"Type":null,"SummaryText":"The Bulls have landed the services of Springbok Ruan Combrinck who will arrive at Loftus Versfeld on July 1.","MaxDetailCharacters":300,"ImageUrl":"https://cdn.blackfacts.net/uploads/blackfacts/facts/2021/06/07e3fa5b-9ec9-4612-9c46-c33ac8647e43.jpg","ImageHeight":1107,"ImageWidth":1200,"ImageOrientation":"landscape","HasImage":true,"CssClass":"","Layout":"","Rowspan":1,"Colspan":1,"Likes":0,"Shares":0,"ContentSourceId":"76148950-8B3B-4DF2-93B1-4463EFF65E8A","SourceName":"South African News | Online News | The South African","ContentSourceRootUrl":"https://www.thesouthafrican.com","ContentSourceIcon":null,"SponsorId":null,"IsSponsored":false,"SponsorName":null,"SmallSponsorLogoUrl":null,"SponsorUrl":null,"HasSmallSponsorLogo":false,"EffectiveDate":"2021-06-30T00:00:00","HasEffectiveDate":true,"MonthAbbrevName":"Jun","FormattedDate":"June 30, 2021","Year":2021,"Month":6,"Day":30,"LastUpdatedDate":"2023-11-25T05:14:39.027","LastUpdatedBy":null,"IsEditable":false,"InsertAd":false,"JSONFactData":"{\"date\":\"2021-06-30T12:29:25Z\"}","JsonExtData":{"date":{"ValueKind":3}},"Html":null,"Css":null,"Script":null,"ScriptHash":null,"Id":380366,"FactUId":"CBDC2F4C-2ED7-425B-884E-9EB8EEB4413E","Slug":"bulls-make-yet-another-signing-as-springbok-ruan-combrinck-heads-for-loftus","FactType":"News","VirtualSiteSlug":"blackfacts","Title":"Bulls make yet another signing as Springbok Ruan Combrinck heads for Loftus","LocalFactUrl":"/fact/bulls-make-yet-another-signing-as-springbok-ruan-combrinck-heads-for-loftus","ResultCount":200,"SearchType":"OmniSearch.RelatedId"},{"FadeSummary":true,"SponsorRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/Sponsor/becbe15c-72a7-4130-b8db-a12eaf26b3ab/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyu.edu","SourceRedirectUrl":"https://ai.blackfacts.com/redirect/ContentSource/7c795be5-2207-4e27-a16a-2fe3a5c5f382/f3612e54-cdb7-4d59-904a-a864c3d0b409/https%3A%2F%2Fsavoynetwork.com%2F2017mibcd","DisplayText":"

Thurgood Marshall Jr. is a Partner at Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP and a Principal with ML Consulting. His legal practice focuses on government relations and investigations.

Working at the intersection of law and public policy, Marshall has practiced law for 17 years and he served in all three branches of the federal government during an 18-year career in public service. He held counsel and staff director positions on the Senate Judiciary Committee and the Senate Commerce Committee.

Marshall also served on the White House senior staff in President Bill Clinton’s administration, first as Vice President Gore’s Director of Congressional Affairs and later as Director of Cabinet Affairs for The President.

Marshall is a former member of the Board of Governors of the U.S. Postal Service and served as its Chairman. His non-profit board experience includes the Ford Foundation where he has been a Trustee since 2007.

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